Access to communication services is a prerequisite for the inclusion of rural people in modern society and improving the quality of their lives. But current business models need to be appropriately modified for them to be effective in connecting rural and remote areas. This report analyses, among other topics, solutions for the ICT connection of rural and remote areas and small island states; demand, cost and financing mechanisms for the deployment of ICTs; relevant technologies, services and applications; capacity building; as well as apolicies necessary to connect rural and remote areas.